BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/13.4

Table of Contents

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Medical Sciences

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Authors:
Elena Cristina ANDREI , Cristina Maria MUNTEANU , Ileana Monica BANIȚĂ , Anca Mihaela PREDESCU , Mihaela Jana ȚUCULINĂ , Alexandru Dan POPESCU , Alexandrina Mihaela POPESCU , Mihaela Aurelia ȘTEFAN , Janina-Elena VAȘCU , Oprea Valentin BUȘU
Abstract:

Vaccination against Human Papilloma Virus continues to remain a highly complex public health issue, as there are many countries or regions that show increasing reluctance. Romania is among the countries that do not provide HPV vaccine in the national vaccination scheme, but offers the opportunity to young girls between 11 and 18 years of age to benefit from free vaccination. It is the responsibility of health professionals in all health sectors to inform themselves correctly, but also to instruct patients in a prophylactic approach against infection with both HPV and other types of microorganisms. Accurate information and a thorough knowledge of the prophylactic means are achieved from the years of study.

Our study focuses on the following aspects: the degree of vaccination among dental students, the willingness of students to get vaccinated if they have not done it so far, the degree of information about Human Papilloma Virus infection, including ways of transmission and methods of diagnosing the infection, the perception of students on how this topic has been promoted, the sources of information they access in order to obtain information about Human Papilloma Virus.

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Authors:
Rohit V. PARADKAR
Abstract:

Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) is a highly aggressive brain tumor originating from glial cells that is a subset of higher-grade gliomas (HGG). Given the extreme malignancy of GBM and HGG, radiotherapy is often used to shrink tumor and inhibit tumor cell function. Despite the use of radiotherapy, GBM recurrence rates remain high, and complications, such as radiation necrosis, can arise. Recurrent GBM and radiation necrosis are nearly indistinguishable using current imaging techniques, which is a considerable challenge in management of GBM treatment. Radiation necrosis is treated conservatively using corticosteroids while recurrent GBM requires aggressive treatments given its markedly short prognosis. Currently, invasive biopsy is the only available method for accurate differentiation of recurrent GBM from radiation necrosis. Clearly, noninvasive differentiation techniques are imperative to effective clinical decision-making surrounding GBM treatment. Many studies have attempted to use conventional MRI, advanced MRI parameters, modalities, and techniques, and machine learning methods to solve this crucial problem. In this review, we attempt to overview the difficulty of differential diagnosis and analyze the current state of knowledge on image-based differentiation approaches utilizing MRI. We identify major gaps in the research and make suggestions to improve current tactics and direct future investigations.

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Authors:
Laura PRICOP
Abstract:

Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in the simplest terms describes a paradoxical and disproportionate relationship between the irrational consumption of antibiotics and the real needs. The developing Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) is considered one of the most serious public health issues which in the last years have started to be perceived as the real threat it is. The paper has a double purposes: a) to critically analyze the methods in which such a complex phenomenon is conceptualized and b) to better understand the possible available approach methods that specialists in the field of public health have in their ongoing attempt to slow down and reduce the momentum of this phenomenon. The overall reasoning of the paper is to better understand the current correct decision-making of a healthcare provider regarding the use and the restriction of antibiotics on a patient.

Psychology

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Authors:
Valentyna BILYK , Vitalii HONCHARUK , Inna ROZHI , Kateryna VASYLENKO , Natalia PSHENYCHNA
Abstract:

The article examines the program principles and subject content of natural science training of future psychologists in Central Europe (Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic). The choice of these countries for the study is due to the fact that despite short period of membership in the European Union, the countries achieved a significant progress in developing national education systems. The purpose of the article is to identify the main trends in natural science training of future psychologists and their correlation with the latest ideas of neurobiology, which is gradually becoming complementary to psychological, pedagogical and other humanities. Using methods of analysis (content analysis of educational programs; analysis of educational content for accordance with the latest advances in neurobiology), comparative method, statistical methods and extrapolation method, it was found that natural science training in universities in Poland, Hungary and the Czech Republic partially corresponds to practical application of neurobiology in the professional practice of psychologists. We present specific aspects of qualitative differences in the conclusions. We also calculated that the quantitative ratio of major subjects differs: the volume of credits for natural science training of future psychologists in the curricula of the analysed higher education institutions in Poland is about 6%, in the Czech Republic - 9-10%, and in Hungary - 11-12%.

The international significance of the article lies in identification of positive practical and formal approaches to neurobiological training, which requires organizational and methodological reforms of psychological education in Eastern Europe.

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Authors:
Inna IVZHENKO , Ganna PODOL'S'KA , Iryna DEMCHENKO , Liudmyla DZHYHUN , Vitalina LYTVYNENKO , Olha KACHEROVA
Abstract:

The article considers art-therapeutic means for adults and children during the war. The relevance of the article is to help children and adults to use art therapy to develop vitality, psycho-emotional recovery, adaptation to new social conditions, the formation of emotional and volitional self-regulation of behavior.

Objective of the article: to find out the essence of art therapy; to study the consequences of adults and children during wars; consider popular art-therapeutic techniques for the treatment of psychological disorders in victims.

Methods: analysis of scientific literature, system analysis.

Results: According to research on this issue, art therapies are extremely useful and necessary for the treatment of adults and children affected by war. The consequences of adults and children during wars have been studied. The advantages of using art therapy are highlighted. In addition, popular art-therapeutic techniques for the treatment of psychological disorders in victims are considered: sand therapy, music therapy, phototherapy, isotherapy, neurography, associative metaphorical maps. It has been found out what pictures are being drawn by the victims of the current war in Ukraine. It is proved that the art therapy combines a number of branches: art history, pedagogy, psychology, psychotherapy.

Conclusion: therefore, the use of art therapy techniques improves the emotional state of adults and children: reduces fear and anxiety, anger and depression, and so on.

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Authors:
Oleh KHMILIAR , Rostyslav KHMILIAR , Iryna KOVAL , Oleksandr SAVCHUK , Alla DUSHKA , Oksana BOLOTOVA , Ihor POPOVYCH
Abstract:

The purpose of this study is to reveal the features of psychomotor training of a sapper, the development of the necessary sensory-intuitive skills to regulate their actions and deeds while performing tasks in the minefield. Material and methods. Three series of psychological experiments were conducted. The importance of psychomotor training in the context of reducing the level of anxiety and personal fears of sappers was revealed. The research was integrated into the process of training in the discipline "Blasting". The study did not change the structure of the discipline, as it was only related to the content. The collected and analyzed data were used for the quantitative method. Results. It was determined that the most talented servicemen, with well-developed coordination of movements, mental stability, ability to regulate personal fears, make quick decisions, work alone for a long time, stay calm in tense situations, should be involved in the sappers' activities. Conclusions. Our psychological training "Minefield" promotes the development of professionally necessary qualities among military sappers, provides the development of psychomotor and sensory-intuitive skills to regulate movements and actions during combat missions. Improves constructive attitudes in the unit of sappers, friendliness, reflexive listening, kindness, leadership and patience.

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Authors:
Svitlana LENSKA , Nataliia NAUMOVSKA , Nataliia RUDAKOVA , Olesia NAUMOVSKA , Tamara MARCHII-DMYTRASH , Andrii SOVA
Abstract:

A new article by Ukrainian experts in ethno-pedagogy for the first time in science maximally summarizes the neuro-pedagogical, psychological and social potential of human development through the reproduction of folk games. The aim of the article is not only to consider the thematic diversity, but also to demonstrate how Ukrainian folk children's games and ancient adult games have a natural influence on the formation of worldview, socialization and maturity with the involvement of physical, neurophysiological and psycho-pedagogical mechanisms. Using general scientific, historical and neuroscientific methods, we proved the imitative, compensatory, sublimational, imitative, ritual and entertaining nature of folk games. Within the limits and possibilities available to the authors, neuroscientific commentary is presented to substantiate the underlying functions and mechanisms of folk games. The main result of the article is the creation of the fullest possible classification of the developing educational potential of folk games at two levels of generalization (general pedagogical aspects and specific functions). The authors were also able to review related literature on the topic, identify valuable observations and gnostic lacunas in need of scientific explication and ekplanatornost.

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Authors:
Bogdana MICLEA , Romulus-Dan NICOARA , Horia-George COMAN
Abstract:

The objective of the present research is to adapt the 36-item COVID-19 Stress Rating Scales to the Romanian population. It is a self-report scale used to assess the stress caused by COVID-19 through six dimensions: Danger, Socio-economic consequences, Xenophobia, Contamination, Traumatic stress, Verification. A total of 160 medically qualified participants, aged 19-59 years, completed a socio-demographic data sheet and the COVID-19 Stress Rating Scales. A high internal consistency was obtained for the 6 scales of the instrument, with Cronbach's alpha coefficients in the range 0.74-0.86. Exploratory factor analysis and Confirmatory factor analysis were also evaluated. The results indicate that the Romanian version of the CSS has good psychometric properties, being a suitable instrument for the assessment of stress caused by COVID-19.

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Authors:
Ivan OKHRIMENKO , Volodymyr OSTAPOVICH , Vadym V. BARKO , Vadym I. BARKO , Olga SMIRNOVA , Iryna HRUZYNSKA , Olga MARCHENKO
Abstract:

The distinguishing features of a specific type of modern law enforcement activities (criminal police, patrol police, security police, pre-trial investigation bodies, district police officers) require a law enforcement officer to have certain individual and psychological characteristics, the absence of which make it impossible to successful perform their service tasks. Individual and psychological characteristics must be taken into account during the psychological selection of personnel for law enforcement agencies. The aim of the research is to undertake the comparative analysis of the individual and psychological characteristics of law enforcement officers who carry out various types of law enforcement activities. 986 law enforcement officers engaged in various types of law enforcement activities took part in the research. The research was carried out on the basis of a systematic approach using an optimal set of psychodiagnostic techniques. Professionally significant individual and psychological characteristics of law enforcement officers who undertake various types of service activities were singled out. It was found that the representatives of the criminal police and security police units are emotionally more stable compared to other categories of police officers. On the other hand, high levels of confidence, independence and leadership are expressed among patrol officers and investigators. Police officers in all types of law enforcement activities are particularly characterized by high self-control, responsibility, conscientiousness, thoroughness, and discipline. The obtained data will contribute to the improvement of the mechanism of psychological selection of personnel for modern police organizations.

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Authors:
Ivanna PARFANOVYCH , Valentyna KYRYCHENKO , Zhanna PETROCHKO , Valeriia NECHERDA , Olesya KOROPETSKA , Iryna LAVRENTIEVA
Abstract:

Adolescence is a crisis period of personality development marked by significant physiological and neuropsychological changes that affect the growth and relationships with others. The uneven maturation of the limbic system and prefrontal cortex structures, characteristic of adolescence, provokes a decrease in subjective control and self-regulation, increased impulsivity, and emotional instability. Qualitative and quantitative morphometric changes in the brain of adolescents can cause behavioral problems, impaired control and self-regulation, a sharp change in areas of cognitive interests, the inability to understand themselves and explain their actions. These features are a predictor of the successful socialization of adolescents. Socialization is seen as a process in which the adolescent acquires the skills necessary for his entire existence in society. Psychophysiological changes in his body determine the nature and characteristics of socialization, relationships with others, the nature of actions, and social contacts. An important feature that promotes the adaptive socialization of adolescents is assertiveness. Assertiveness as personal property of behavior primarily involves the development of confidence, determination, perseverance, self-esteem, empathy, communication skills. The formation of assertive behavior significantly increases the adaptation processes of adolescents, normalizes the emotional sphere, has a positive effect on socialization, and sets the vector of social success, self-actualization, and self-realization.

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Authors:
Yuliia RYBINSKA , Oleksandra LOSHENKO , Anton KURAPOV , Serhii LYTVYN , Veronika KONDRATIEVA , Olha IVASIV
Abstract:

The aim of the study is to investigate the psychological state of the soldiers before they go to the battle space. The article shows the Assessment of people's behavior, their psycho-emotional characteristics, and the degree of their adaptability in extreme conditions. This interest has increased even further due to the intensification of hostilities in Ukraine since February 2022 after the invasion of Russian forces on its territory. Extreme situations, including military conflicts, largely affect people's ability to withstand stress, and their willingness to survive these events safely and develop a sufficient degree of adaptability in themselves. Researchers examine the psycho-emotional state of an individual from the standpoint of different theoretical positions. Conclusions. This study has shown that the current psycho-emotional state of Ukrainian military personnel who are preparing to go to the front line is characterized by a low degree of anxiety, increased aggressiveness, and the ability to adapt to environmental conditions easily, set goals and achieve them. At the same time, the military of Ukraine also show symptoms of stress, and some signs of neuropsychic instability, psychopathy, hysteria, paranoia, and psychasthenia. These personality traits may be directly related to the nature of their professional activities and an increased sense of awareness of their own significance and importance in combat conditions. In general, the listed features of the psycho-emotional state are evidence of the readiness of Ukrainian service members to participate in the war and their ability to perform their duties effectively.

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Authors:
Olha SAVYTSKA , Veronika SHKRABIUK , Valentyna PEDORENKO , Svitlana SYTNIK , Victoriia NAICHUK , Victoriia NAZAREVYCH
Abstract:

The article reveals the essence and specificity of psychologically corrective work with the help of art therapy in the theoretical and methodological analysis of the problem of correction of emotional disorders. Types of emotional disorders, their causes, and also directions of art therapy and some rules of introduction of art therapy techniques in psychologically corrective practice are considered. Some psychological recommendations for the use of isotherapy methods in the correction of emotional disorders, compliance with which can attest to the high professional competence of the consultant in mastering art therapy techniques have been developed. Art therapy work is offered for consideration as emotional "auto-training" of harmonious interaction with the social environment, a strategy of preservation of emotional health and a psychological means of self-help of the self-sufficient person for the purpose of prevention of emotional deviations. The use of art-therapeutic means is offered to consider as innovative health-saving technology. Theoretical and methodological developments in the introduction of art therapy in the psychologically corrective process by foreign and domestic researchers, which can be considered as successful recommendations for the use of art therapy techniques for the psychocorrection of emotional disorders are summarized.

Psychotherapy

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Authors:
Tamara KRYVONIS , Iryna LUKECHA , Nataliia PYLYPENKO , Victoriia NAZAREVYCH , Iryna BOREICHUK , Tetiana DZIUBA
Abstract:

The article analyzes the peculiarities of psychological method of metaphor application in group psychocorrective work on a theoretical and methodological level. An attempt to define metaphor in the context of the basic tasks of rendering psychological assistance, especially as a method of psychodiagnostics, neuropsychology and group psychocorrection is undertaken. The resources of metaphor in group psychocorrection are described because of its properties. The definition of metaphor as a neuropsychological means of activation of the right hemisphere of the brain is argued. The functions of fairy tale metaphors for the purpose of correction and development of personality are considered. It is underlined that metaphor is the psychological mechanism of integration of components of self-consciousness: self-understanding (the cognitive aspect), the attitude to itself (the emotional aspect), self-regulation (the behavioral aspect) in a context of group psychocorrection. Practically confirmed that the metaphor in the process of group work has a positive impact on changing the strategy of competition to a strategy of cooperation through the adoption of individuality of self and another. The criterion for the effectiveness of metaphorical psychological correction is the feedback of the group participants through trust, acceptance and self-acceptance. Recommendations for conducting group psychological correction with the use of metaphor are developed.

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Authors:
Olga SAMARA , Veronika SHKRABIUK , Marianna KOMPANOVYCH , Svitlana LIEBIEDIEVA , Nataliia MATEIKO , Oksana SHELEVER
Abstract:

The article reflects theoretical, methodological and methodical bases of psychological aid to victims of unexpected crisis-military situations on the background of coronovirus pandemics spreading. The essence of psychological self-help as a factor of stress-resistance and internal psychological potential of resisting psychological traumas in the conditions of war and viral pandemics with the propositions of effective methodological means of its conducting is revealed. In providing psychological aid, the cognitive-behavioral approach was deemed effective as the basic one, and it was suggested that integrative psychotherapeutic and comprehensive psychological approaches to crisis counseling in conditions of military conflict be applied, depending on the specifics of survivors' experience of acute emotional reactions and the complexity of the course of posttraumatic stress disorders of resistance to the action of a psychotraumatic factor. Neuropsychological correction deserves special attention in providing psychological aid in conditions of military conflict and pandemics, which allows a combination of an integrated body-oriented psychological approach with neuro-psycho-correctional techniques and psychotherapeutic methods for effective restoration of the tone of the nervous system and stabilization of the psycho-emotional state. The main provisions of practical psychology that in conditions of war and pandemic COVID-19 the adaptive potential of psychological health of each person and psychological self-help is love, faith and hope. Psychological recommendations of educational character for the formation of basic skills to ensure psychological health in conditions of war and pandemic COVID-19 have been developed.

Neuropedagogy

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Authors:
Larysa ANTONIUK , Olena SOIA , Olena KOSOVETS , Alina KLIMISHYNA , Mariana KOVTONIUK , Olena TRYFONOVA
Abstract:

The significance of the outlined direction research is determined by the fact that in modern conditions of postmodern society development, the issues of improving higher education and ensuring the quality of the educational process become relevant.

The need for innovative renewal of the educational process of the higher school is determined by the emergence of a number of psychological and pedagogical problems, taking into account the conditions of postmodernity(mismatch between the needs of employers, the existing state of future professionals training and scientific and pedagogical staff's qualifications, lack of mechanisms for selective processing of information, insufficient provision of information and psychological security of the individual, the need to develop an inclusive educational environment in higher education, etc.). The main conceptual principles of the innovative development of the educational environment in postmodern conditions are highlighted (humanization of the educational process, providing developmental learning and personality-oriented approach).

The article analyzes the foreign and domestic experience of using innovative educational technologies (individualized, personality-oriented learning, as well as gamification of the future training professionals' process), identifies their advantages and disadvantages. Peculiarities of their introduction into the practice of higher education in postmodern conditions are outlined.

Prospects for further research are the development of practical recommendations for the introduction of innovative educational technologies in the future professionals training in higher education.

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Authors:
Svitlana GVOZDII , Ivan BAKHOV , Vadym PIENOV , Svitlana PALAMARCHUK , Nadiia DUDNYK , Lyudmila PETRUKHAN-SHCHERBAKOVA
Abstract:

The article reveals the concept of neuropedagogy, in relation to current forms of educational practices. In the conditions of significant advances in the field of neuroscience, the relevance and expediency of research is determined by the opportunities that open up before the use of research on brain activity and neural processes in educational activities. On the one hand, discoveries in the neuroscience can increase the effectiveness of educational activities, their formal and non-formal areas. On the other hand, there are a number of paradigmatic and practical limitations associated with the use of the neuroconcept in various forms of educational activities. Opportunities include: increasing attention, overcoming personal limitations, detection of specific neuro-consistent methodic and didactic techniques. The limitations include some paradigmatic conditionality of the neuroconcept, which to some extent limits the heuristic qualities of thinking due to the dominance of mental practices and various formalizations. Thus, the balanced and appropriate application of neuropedagogical approaches in both formal and non-formal education is of great importance. Neuropedagogical methods are becoming extremely important in the context of digitization of the space of interaction between people and the emergence of the so-called Z-generation. Critical evaluation and timely application of neuropedagogical practices, in our opinion, can significantly expand the potential for both formal and non-formal education.

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Authors:
Kateryna KRUTY , Liudmyla KOVAL , Olena VAZHENINA , Iryna DESNOVA , Anatoly ZAHNITKO , Oksana POPOVSKA
Abstract:

The article presents an analysis of the problem of mastering morphology and word formation in children in neuroscience, biology and linguistics, identifies motivational mechanisms that contribute to learning experience, namely: joyful, meaningful, active, motivational and social - in mastering morphology and word formation in children. From a neuroscientific point of view, these features can contribute to the acquisition of skills and contribute to the mastery of morphology and word formation in children.

Models that describe the work of children's brains in mastering the morphological and lexical skills in them, expand the understanding of the probable mechanisms inherent in the human brain. In addition, studies of the cerebral cortex show that the brain of children is more vulnerable and sensitive to environmental influences, to the acquisition of knowledge than the brain of adults. With this in mind, the available scientific literature on the topic has been studied and (in most cases) the question of how each function can influence children's learning to master the basics of morphology and word formation has been studied. The importance of studying the research topic is due to the difficulties that arise in children when mastering morphology and word formation at different ages.

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Authors:
Olena MUDRYK , Anna IVAKHNENKO , Larysa ODYNCHENKO , Irina DMYTRIIEVA , Alina IVANENKO , Oksana SHELEVER
Abstract:

The relevance of the topic is in characterizing the neuropedagogical aspect of mental and pedagogical techniques in teaching children with special educational needs. The article contains the theoretical analysis of the elaborations on this topic, the definition of the concept «inclusive education », the chief principles of teaching students with limited capabilities; the neuropedagogical aspect of mental and pedagogical techniques in teaching children with special educational needs. The understanding of the concept of inclusive education has been studied, the literary sources on this topic have been summarized. On the basis of the findings it has been concluded that it is essential to critically review traditional approaches in the neuropedagogical aspect of mental and pedagogical techniques in teaching children with special educational needs. The author of the article remarks that in the context of vocational training for teachers' educational activity there might be efficient the techniques of teaching children with special educational needs, contributing to the better integration of children with special educational needs into the educational process. The system forming foundation of the inclusion is the postulate of acknowledging the capabilities of each student. Consequently, educational process must be arranged so that fully reveal the educational needs of each child.

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Authors:
Zhanna SYROTKINA , Larysa BANKUL , Olena BUKHNIIEVA , Ivan BOYCHEV , Nataliia GUNKO , Alina CHEKHUNINA
Abstract:

The article discusses the emotional intelligence of students and the influence of art on its development. The relevance of a developed harmonious personality has always been a priority in contemporary education, and emotional intelligence in recent years has become a revolutionary tool in the development of higher professional and pedagogical training. Studying emotional intelligence represents one of the important tasks in neuropedagogy. Therefore, the influence of art on students' emotional intelligence can turn out to be an effective solution and is the purpose of this research. The analysis of research of teaching methodology for art subjects in secondary schools allows us to conclude that art acts as a beacon in the development of emotional intelligence in school education. In this article, we consider key issues such as the genesis of emotions, the concept of feelings and emotions, mood and emotionality, the impact of positive emotions on personality and understanding the concept of emotional intelligence. Emotional capability and mood are of undisputable importance for art. The development of the emotional capability requires a specific mood, which leads us to believe that the teacher's support is crucial in the process where a student cognizes their own personality. The question arose concerning the importance of emotional literacy with regular academic subjects. This proves that a child's development should not be confined to academic subjects only, meaning, EQ and IQ are equally important in today's world. The adequate formation of a child's personality calls for the balance of both EQ and IQ where art is to be given significant attention.

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Authors:
Svitlana TSYMBAL-SLATVINSKA , Borys MAKSYMCHUK , Volodymyr SAIENKO , Inna BABII , Liudmyla BEHAS , Maryna LEMESHCHUK , Olena CHEPKA , Taisiia DYCHOK , Iryna MAKSYMCHUK
Abstract:

It is extremely important to reconsider psycho-pedagogical experience in the problem of intellectual education that is mainly highlighted on the pages of the leading periodical "Sovetskaya Pedagogika". The research hypothesis is the possibility of using the pedagogical experience of the journal's co-authors to justify the basic principles of neuropedagogy, which became widespread after its publication had ended. The research aims to identify and generalize the main areas of intellectual education on the pages of the journal based on a holistic retrospective analysis of professional publications and, thus, identify the factual material and theoretical approaches which have formed the basis of modern neuropedagogy. Research methods involve a set of general scientific and psycho-pedagogical methods: systematic search methods (identification, theoretical analysis and systematization of historical-and-pedagogical works and materials of pedagogical periodicals); historical-and-retrospective methods (analysis of the content and characteristics of reflection and solving of problems related to intellectual education on the pages of the journal); comparative methods (comparison of events, phenomena and facts mentioned in the journal, in particular, the views of national and international theorists and practitioners on the problems of intellectual education, which have formed the basis of modern neuropedagogy). In the paper, theoretical generalization and a new approach to solving a topical problem of generalizing the main areas of intellectual education on the pages of the periodical, namely, the problem of intellectual education in the context of developing an idea on the individual's harmonious development; a comprehensive approach to the problem of intellectual education on the pages of the periodical; the problem of intellectual development as the basis of intellectual education on the pages of the periodical "; promotion of cognitive activity and independence as an effective means of intellectual education; pedagogical views on the problem of intellectual education on the pages of the periodical; foreign experience in promoting intellectual education on the pages of the periodical have been presented. The stages in the history of forming and developing the periodical "Sovetskaya Pedagogika" (1937—1991) have been concretized following the status and subordination. Particular facts, concepts and problems of the prominent educational journal in the context of establishing the ideas of neuropedagogy and neuropsychology have been specified. The significance of pedagogical periodicals as an important source of psycho-pedagogical research has been justified.

Special Education

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Authors:
Anna CHOBANIAN , Oksana BORIAK , Alla KOLYSHKINA , Olena CHEBOTARIOVA , Mariia BODARIEVA
Abstract:

The formation of communicative competence as a leading component of speech activity of senior preschoolers with intellectual disabilities is a long-term, multi-stage process. In accordance with the objectives of the study, we have substantiated and identified the features of the criteria of communicative competence. Methods of comparison and systematization of research material are applied; deductive - for a systematic description of the phenomenon under study; systematization of the results of empirical research; empirical: diagnostic complex for the study of the formation of communicative competence; mathematical and statistical: Fisher's angular transformation criterion to establish the reliability of differences between the indicators of experimental groups.

It was found that children with intellectual disabilities of older preschool age have a complete lack of communicative competence in general. Insufficient level of cognitive-motivational criterion revealed the predominance of zero level of communication skills, situationality of statements, prevalence of situational-business communication, which is characteristic of younger children with normal development, as well as a tendency to avoid problematic situations. There is a significant predominance of zero level of formation of the behavioral criterion, which is manifested in the lack of adequate ways of communication, the lack of communicative techniques, both the use of verbal and nonverbal means of communication. Lack of mastery of non-situational forms of communication is manifested in the lack of stable motives for communication with adults, reduced need for communication, low development of speech communication, lack of interest in contact, inability to navigate communication, predominance of protective reactions of avoidance and aggression.

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Authors:
Iryna SARANCHA , Borys MAKSYMCHUK , Sergey KHARCHENKO , Yurii LINNIK , Sofiia DOVBNIA , Vitaliy PAVELKIV , Iryna MAKSYMCHUK , Iryna SHAKHINA , Volodymyr SAIENKO , Oksana BASHTOVENKO , Vitalii SILAIEV , Anastasiia RADOVENCHYK , Leonid ZHYTOMYRSKYI
Abstract:

The article presents theoretical and methodological aspects of social support for families with adolescents with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) in rehabilitation centres. In particular, it describes the process and results from the implementation of the author's work with mutual support groups of parents of adolescents with MSDs. The article aims to determine and quasi-experimentally verify the methods of rehabilitation of individuals with MSDs and prove their effectiveness in rehabilitation centres with the involvement of parents. During the implementation of the programme, social work with families in centres for social rehabilitation of children with MSDs consists of the following main areas: family therapy, family psychoprophylaxis, providing social assistance to families, mediation in resolving family conflicts, family counselling, social and pedagogical work with families.   The content and forms of social and pedagogical work with the family are determined by a group of the following factors: a family type, problems in the family; areas of professional training of the specialist providing services to the family. The quasi-experimental group (EG) consists of 40 leavers from the Vinnytsia Centre for Social Rehabilitation of Children with Special Needs "Promin", who are diagnosed with cerebral palsy, and six leavers with mild mental disorders. The control group (CG) consists of 40 individuals diagnosed with cerebral palsy and seven individuals with mild mental disorders. The age requirement for EG is 14-19 years old. The formative experiment also involves 27 parents of children with MSDs. The measures taken during the experiment have contributed to developing the skills of conscious psychological separation from constant parental care, taking responsibility for their lives, setting real-life goals and destroying the position of helplessness in individuals with MSDs. The article shows that a set of causes and factors affecting families' well-being positively or negatively determines the interpersonal relationships and the traditions of family education. The international relevance of the article lies in the effective combination of social support for families with adolescents with MSDs in rehabilitation centres and parents' involvement. The author's methodology forms the basis for the new aspects of synergistic family and institutional rehabilitation and support.

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Authors:
Ruslana SOICHUK , Daria KHRYPUN , Iryna SYDORUK , Valentyna SERHEIEVA , Volodymyr SHEVCHENKO , Svitlana SHEVCHENKO
Abstract:

The relevance of the chosen topic of the article is determined by the fact that at the period of development of postmodern society there is a growing awareness of the need for innovative educational process by involving children with special educational needs (SEN), studying their development in the context of neuropedagogy, studying problems related to organization of education of children with SEN in the conditions of contemporary primary school. The purpose of the article is to study and substantiate in the context of neuropedagogy of the importance of organizing the education of children with SEN in the conditions of a contemporary primary school. The article considers the neuropedagogical foundations of inclusive education as an important factor in the socialization of children in contemporary primary school, highlights the problems of organization of education of children with SEN in a contemporary primary school and clarifies the role of parents in the process of inclusive education of children with SEN in the conditions of a contemporary primary school. Nowadays, society prioritizes the practice of coeducation of children with normal development and peers with SEN. An urgent issue of social policy is the study of the mechanisms of educational integration of children with disabilities under the new educational policy, taking into account specific financial, organizational and political resources.

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Authors:
Olena VASYLENKO , Mykhailo CHAIKOVSKYI , Olena DOBROVITSKA , Nataliia OSTROVSKA , Svetlana KONDRATYUK , Yuliia LUCHKO
Abstract:

The paper examines the peculiarities of the adaptive and rehabilitation processes of children with special educational needs. It was found that one of the most significant issues of rehabilitation work with children with special educational needs is to create the conditions for their integration into society. This stipulates the determination of the state of their adaptive and rehabilitation potential formation suggesting identification of social characteristics and social relations of the children with special educational needs; definition of the levels of their learning opportunities, skills and abilities development; elucidation of the peculiarities of intra-family relations in families bringing up children with special educational needs; research of rehabilitation processes features being passed by children with special educational needs. For studying the state of adaptive and rehabilitation potential formation in working with children with special educational needs, we have conducted a diagnostic study among children with special educational needs who receive rehabilitation services at the Shepetivka City Center for Social Rehabilitation of Disabled Children of Khmelnytskyi region. The parents of the children took part in the study as well. The results of the diagnosis revealed that the children with special educational needs are dominated by medium and low levels of formation of self-concept and comprehention of their relations with the social environment; they are characterized by medium and low levels of general mental development; children with special educational needs suffer hostility and conflict in their families, while their parents experience feelings of guilt, anxiety, and mental stress; the difficulties being faced by the children with special educational needs during the rehabilitation process are mainly related to their focusing on their own illness. In this regard, we have developed and substantiated the forms and methods for regulating the adaptive and rehabilitation processes in working with children with special educational needs, which, in our opinion, should be applied by specialists at the centers for the social rehabilitation of children with disabilities.

Neurology

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Authors:
Anna KOLESNYK , Christina BARNA , Liudmila KASHUBA , Tetiana BIRIUKOVA , Tetiana RUDENKO , Svitlana KHRABRA
Abstract:

The purpose of the article is to reveal the peculiarities of the neurovegetative status of children of senior preschool age. The article exposes the importance of the autonomic nervous system, features of electrical activity, cerebral blood flow on functioning of the child's body.

Childhood is a sensitive period of development of many neurophysiological and physiological functions. In children the electrical activity of the brain can be considered as an indicator of general properties of the nervous system and takes the leading place in the structure of the neurodynamic constitution of a person and some individual-psychological differences underlying them.

Prolonged psycho-emotional overstrain, a high level of personal anxiety in children and the etiological factor cause increased activity of adaptation-compensatory reactions, in which the most important role is played by the autonomic nervous system. Disturbances of neurovegetative regulation, occurring practically in all diseases, under the influence of a huge number of damaging factors are nonspecific, adaptive-compensatory. In children, psycho-vegetative syndrome, characterized by a combination of psycho-emotional and vegetative disorders is encountered in most cases.

Inter-disciplinary Perspectives

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Authors:
Iryna MAIDANIUK , Tetiana TSOI , Ihor HOIAN , Maksym DOICHYK , Oksana PATLAICHUK , Olga STUPAK
Abstract:

The importance of the topic of the article is due to the fact that nowadays there is a need to understand that the creation of artificial intelligence is associated with the understanding and study of natural intelligence. The problem of defining artificial intelligence is largely reduced to defining intelligence in general: is intelligence monolithic or does this concept define a set of different abilities? To what extent intelligence can be created? Is it possible to create computers with intelligence? These and other questions have not yet been answered by the contemporary science, but these questions have greatly contributed to the formation of tasks and methodologies that form the basis of the theory and practice of contemporary artificial intelligence in philosophy. The purpose of the article is the need to study and substantiate the indicators of overall success in the development of artificial intelligence systems; proving that human psychoreality is an open system of nonlinear type; proving the effectiveness of logo and psycho-machines in the development of artificial intelligence in philosophy. The article gives a theoretical justification for the concepts of "artificial intelligence" and "logo and psycho machines"; the conditions for the effectiveness of the development of artificial intelligence in our time are highlighted, as the scientific direction of artificial intelligence is young, and its structure and range of issues are not so clearly defined. It is now possible to implement formal systems of reasoning in the machine and test their sufficiency for the manifestation of reasonableness in practice.

Varia

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Authors:
Liliana BUDEVICI - PUIU , Veaceslav MANOLACHI
Abstract:

In general, child protection is a responsibility of everyone individually, respectively, children can have an essential role in ensuring their protection and of the other children, but the main responsibility rests with adults. Thus, child protection measures must have a complex and non-discriminatory character, if we refer to the fact that in some cases disabled minors may be subject to greater risks of abuse. As practice shows, currently the main forms of work in this field are the organization of contests, posters, stands, presentations and essays, as well as classes, debates and trainings on topics related to the protection of minors during sports competitions. Minors can be involved in sports activities, in order to prepare them to participate in various sports competitions on different sports events. In this context, coaches are responsible for the actions of minors during training or sports events, including the proper management of their competitive activities, in the direction of achieving sports results. Transparency and openness are essential to ensure child protection during sports events, as the risks or degree of abuse, harm can be increasingly identified among employees, volunteers, children, families and even the sports community. In the Codes of ethics, of professional conduct, sports entities must provide explicit requirements with reference to the protection of children during sports events (organized and carried out), as well as principles that establish the behavior expected from each participant (children and adults) and the prohibited ones. One is also important to establish in these codes, the method and the specific requirements regarding the collection of anti-doping samples from minors that must be strictly followed during the testing procedure. Moreover, it is a right for minor athletes to be informed of their selection for doping control, especially in the presence of an adult, so that they can request to be accompanied by a representative of their team during the sample collection procedure. The regulation and correct application of measures for the protection of minors during sports competitions must be a national priority with the reflection of this issue in state policy documents.

 

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Authors:
Halyna KOSARIEVA , Oksana VASYLENKO , Nadiia BRESLAVETS , Iryna TAMOZHSKA , Inessa ANIKINA , Nataliia MORDOVTSEVA
Abstract:

The relevance of the research in the context of determining an importance of critical thinking lies in the excessive informatization of a modern society. The Internet is becoming a source of a large flow of an information, which is spread through the intensive use of an information and communication technologies in almost all areas of human life. The article highlights features of   a digitalization in the modern world, as well as the main methods of critical thinking for an analysis and an evaluation of an information.

The research work is based on theoretical and methodological approaches of researchers of critical thinking as a method, in particular in the field of philology. Theoretical and methodological approaches of the research became the basis for determining results of an effective implementation of critical thinking methods in philological classes in higher education institutions in the context of a neuroscientific approach.

In order to study the effectiveness of the use of critical thinking in philological specialties some research, descriptive and scientific methods were used. The method of an analysis was also used in the context of distinguishing the concept of   a method, critical thinking, specialties of philology and a neuroscientific approach. To determine the main results of the research, a generalization method was used.

Results of the research became the basis for a need to think critically in the modern historical space, as digitalization of the society has led to a continuous flow of an information, which causes the infodemia as destabilizing factor in a public life. Also, future professionals in obtaining a qualification must clearly distinguish the true information from an inaccurate, which can be realized in the presence of a critical perception of an information flow.

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Authors:
Olivia MACOVEI
Abstract:

The classical literature in the field of biology approaches the field of life from the perspective of the mechanisms by which the interactions between living systems are managed, while the systemic approach to biology emphasizes the interconnected networks of living nodes and the ways of communication of living systems, which is the very foundation of the idea of live as exchange of information on material or energetic support. More concretely, the emphasis on the informational dimension of biological interactions transfers the research object of synthetic biology from questions regarding the functionality of living systems, to those related to the ways of encoding information inside living structures that allow their configuration and reconfiguration in different evolutionary or constructive — in the case of synthetic biology — contexts. The analysis of the living system as a whole, from a structural-constructive perspective, takes from the systems theory a series of models for understanding the whole as something other than a simple aggregation of the component parts, emphasizing the integrity of the living system in a manner close to the systems approach in the science of complexity.

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Authors:
Olivia MACOVEI
Abstract:
Systems biology and synthetic biology are interdisciplinary scientific approaches developed to improve the ability to understand, predict and control living systems. Both scientific areas capitalize on the production of large-scale data, both in the field of genomics and in a number of related fields, exploring new ways of cross-fertilization - starting both from traditional knowledge in biology - especially from the evolutionary one - articulated together with a series of theories and models coming from sciences such as physics, computer science, mathematics, chemistry and engineering. Systems biology represents a predominantly cognitive scientific approach, while synthetic biology privileges the technical and technological approach, aiming at the creation of living systems, starting from existing biological material and its derivation, or even from non-biological materials, grafted onto living systems. The two approaches capitalize on epistemological orientations based on knowledge versus those based on applications, in other words on analysis versus synthesis as epistemic orientations. Philosophers of science, who examine technological research as a form of human practice, have argued for interdependence, but without a perfect overlap between understanding the functioning of a living system and designing a synthetic one, a distinction between basic and applied science being impossible in the context of biology synthetic.

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Authors:
Lesia MALIMON , Alla PAVLIUK , Nataliia YEFREMOVA , Valentina BOICHUK , Antonina SEMENIUK , Oksana KHNYKINA , Svitlana SHELUDCHENKO , Oksana TOROSIAN , Oksana ROHACH , Iryna NAVROTSKA , Svitlana HONCHARUK , Maryna VASYLENKO , Liliya POTAPENKO
Abstract:

In the article, for the first time in Eastern European linguodidactics, an original method of using students' emotional intelligence data and their personal linguoculture for a new structuring of didactic material in the study of foreign languages (on the example of Ukrainian as a foreign language) is offered.

The authors aimed to make theoretical generalizations and conclusions about the main subject of the research, to determine the types of emotional-intellectual relation of students to a foreign language in the classes of the higher educational institutions and to model the general methodological scheme on the basis of sociological and functional-semantic data.

The used methods can be clearly divided into theoretical, sociological and modeling, which made it possible to demonstrate a new approach to the thematic presentation of didactic material on the example of the concept HAPPY and determine the degree of flexibility of students' emotional intelligence in foreign language classes.

First of all, the international significance of the article lies in the first attempt of the synthesis of the theory of emotional intelligence and linguoculturology (theory of concepts) in the optimization of the foreign language didactics; secondly, the authors, with the help of associative experiment and functional-field thematic structuring, offered a new model of presenting the lexical material of foreign language teaching for the first time.