BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience

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Neuroscience

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Authors:
Oleksandra KUZO , Liubov KUZO , Olha ZAVERUKHA
Abstract:
The article presents the authors' theoretical model of Self-image functioning with a peripheral part on the border of the relationship between the Self and the significant other person.   An experimental study of the peculiarities of Self-image dependence is provided. The study involved 150 students of Lviv State University of Internal Affairs. Peculiarities of self-relation (dependence of the Self-image on significant other people) of students with high and moderate levels of neuroticism have been studied. The method of rapid diagnosis of neurosis (K. Heck; H. Hess), methods of self-assessment of mental states (according to H. Eysenck), author's experimental study of the "dependent" characteristic of the Self-image were used. Correlation analysis and Mann-Whitney comparative analysis were used for statistical data processing. As a result of the ascertaining experiment, it was found that the peripheral part of the Self-image of boys and girls with a high level of neuroticism (HN) is more dependent on the opinion of reference other people (unstable Self-image) than of persons with moderate neuroticism (MN) and this is accompanied by high levels of anxiety, frustration and rigidity. The hypothesis that students with a high level of neuroticism will more often depend on the opinion of significant others than students with a moderate level of neuroticism was confirmed. The studentship is a sensitive period for effective psycho-correctional influences in order to form a stable, positive and independent Self-image, and therefore, the quality use of psychological services of psycho-corrective influences can significantly affect well-being, learning and quality of life. The self-awareness of students with a high level of neuroticism should be considered both as the main object and as a fundamental support for psycho-correctional influence, and the resource of this influence should be sought in an adequate relationship.

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Authors:
Oksana KHURTENKO , Natalia MILORADOVA , Olena MAKAROVA , Hryhorii DZHAHUPOV , Kseniia BEREZIAK , Tetyana KRAVCHENKO
Abstract:
The importance of knowing the processes of choice, decision-making is determined by the objective role that they play in the organization of human activity. An important feature of man is his unique ability to make decisions in the most difficult conditions of activity, which are characterized by high uncertainty, the presence of many inconsistent criteria, lack of time, high responsibility and more. The target effectiveness of the decision can be assessed only after its implementation, but the prediction of potential decisions is possible only if the study of its neuropsychological mechanisms. Cost-effectiveness is characterized by intellectual, physical, neuropsychological and material costs of decision-making. The non-standard situation, as a rule, seeks to reduce cost-effectiveness, because in this case the solutions are achieved by the exertion of intellectual, emotional and physical forces and is determined by the ability of the individual to act in such an environment. The neuropsychological mechanisms of such decisions are of interest to science in terms of ensuring the adequacy and timing of such decisions, which is hypothetically related to the morphological and psychoneurological characteristics of the subjects of action. In the context of our study, it is important to conduct a thorough psychological analysis of different types of unusual situations in the coach and find ways to improve the effectiveness of decisions, which primarily depends on the level of psychological readiness of the individual to perform its.

Psychology

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Authors:
Ihor PRYKHODKO , Nataliia YURIEVA , Anastasiia LYMAN , Maksim BAYDA , Ihor BLOSHCHYNSKYI , Viktoriia KUZINA
Abstract:

The article presents the results of a study of the views of military servicemen of the National Guard of Ukraine on psychological readiness to take risks. To achieve the goal of the study, the authors used the psycho-semantic method. The methods of the specialized semantic differential are chosen by the psychological tool of the psycho-semantic method. The semantic differential has been has made it possible to evaluate the subjective aspects of the meaning of the concept of "psychological readiness for risk" associated with the meaning, stereotypes, social attitudes.

Officers represent a soldier who is psychologically prepared for the risk, as follows. This person is trying to achieve a successful result under any circumstances, independent from management or subordinates, relying only on his own strength, showing determination and self-confidence, professionally trained, observant and emotionally stable. Contract servicemen believe that a psychologically prepared for the risk of a soldier can make quick and deliberate decisions, has lots of stamina and strong-willed person, honest and patriotic. This soldier acts deliberately and carefully, not allowing his actions to harm others. Servicemen of military conscription think that a soldier who is psychologically prepared for risk is resistant to extreme factors. He has a principle, he is reliable, outgoing person, always ready to offer the help of his comrades and people around him. This soldier is satisfied with his profession and proud that serves just in the National Guard of Ukraine.

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Authors:
Olena STROIANOVSKA , Liubov DOLYNSKA , Nataliia SHEVCHENKO , Nataliia ANDRIIASHYNA , Iryna MELNYK , Natalia TSYBULIAK
Abstract:

In the conditions of unstable political, economic and social development of society the problem of quality of life, well-being, satisfaction of each citizen of the country acquires special importance. Research has shown that happiness is determined by various factors (age, marital, social and financial status, physiological status, social relations, personal characteristics), its level changes throughout life and can be corrected by certain psychological methods of influence. The purpose of our study was to study the state of development of the problem of happiness and study the content of the ideas of young people about happiness, their characteristics depending on gender and professional orientation. In order to study the peculiarities of the young generation's ideas about happiness, we studied 250 third-year students aged 20 to 22 years of various specialties. The researched questionnaire was asked to answer the questions, the analysis of which helped to make generalized conclusions about their ideas about happiness. The most of students rate their level of happiness as high or medium. But their level of happiness is much higher than their level of success, which can lead to a contradiction between the desire for success and happiness. This state of affairs requires correction of the content of ideas about happiness in adolescence by providing educational information about awareness of success as a process of self-realization and a component of happiness, the desire for integrated satisfaction of both material and spiritual needs for full personal development.

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Authors:
Yaryna ANDRUSHKO , Iryna STETSENKO , Kateryna AVERINA , Tetiana ALIEKSIEIENKO , Tetiana MARCHAK , Svitlana DOROFEY
Abstract:

A professional, working in dangerous conditions, requires a high level of steadfastness to stress, caution, and responsibility. The goal of the research is aimed at theoretical and empirical disclosing of the essence of emotional intelligence in employees of risky professions. Emotional intelligence is seen as a leading personal competence and ability. The structural components of emotional intelligence are analyzed in detail from the points of view of well-known foreign and domestic psychologists. The integrative indicators of emotional intelligence have been empirically revealed in rescue workers and patrol officers. In our study participated 1000 respondents with the same length of service in 4 years, in particular: firefighters (n = 500); patrol officers (n = 500). The psycho-diagnostic tools included: Hall test, Russian version of the test of emotional intelligence of J. Meyer, P. Salovey, D.Caruso MSCEIT-V2.0 in the adapted version of O. Sergiienko, I. Vetrova and the method of studying the professional identity of L. Schneider. The respondents showed a low level of development of emotional intelligence. However, the differences were also revealed, in particular, it is more clearly for firefighters to understand their own emotions, but for law enforcement officers the practical use of emotions is in priority. At the same time, the common problem is inability to manage own emotional experiences.

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Authors:
Dominika DOKTOROVÁ , Ivana MIRDALÍKOVÁ
Abstract:
The theory of mind deficit, as the ability to attribute mental states to others, could explain some of the symptoms of patients with psychotic disorder. The poor estimate of the mental states of other people could explain paranoid thinking, some variations in speech, peculiarities in behavior and other symptoms found in patients with this diagnosis. The aim of the research is to describe the theory of mind in psychiatric patients, as schizophrenia can be seen as a disorder of mental states. The research sample consisted of 30 patients diagnosed with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Data are obtained via questionnaire method and evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively. For research, we have used non-standardized mind-based verbal tasks. Based on frequency tables, psychiatric patients most failed in the theory of mind in dimensions - metaphors (60%) and mental states (50%). The other variables scored better while 30% of probands failed in the theory of mind of the 1st order, 26.7% of probands failed in the theory of second order, 16.7% in emotional states and 23.3% of all psychiatric patients in physical properties. Subsequently, we focused on the qualitative evaluation of individual areas. We found out, that patients scored the worst in the theory of mind tasks that refer to the mental states of others.

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Authors:
Liudmila ROMANOVSKA , Tetiana KRAVCHYNA , Nataliia KOROLOVA , Kateryna OLIYNYK , Olena NAGACHEVSKA
Abstract:
The paper presents the structure, contents, principles of the organization of the forming experiment on personal reflection development, the results, the interpretation and conclusions of the research. The program of development of creative abilities during the process of understanding the scientific text is described and tested, and it testifies about the significance of creative interpretation for the success of educational and professional activity of students of Humanities of higher educational institutions. The purpose of the paper is to prove that the process of creative interpretation promotes text understanding, determines the formation of adaptive strategies of behavior and reduces the probability of occurrence of stereotyped and maladaptation strategies. The forming activities include training for developing creative abilities, in which group discussion, psychotechnical and psychotherapeutic exercises, elements of psychoanalysis (psychoanalysis, symbol-drama) are used. The paper explores and discusses a concept of personal reflection, which has been used as a means of forming culture of perception of the scientific text during 2019-2020 among the students of the Humanities Faculty at Khmelnytsky National University, Ukraine. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the guided questions for the development of personal reflection as a means of forming culture of perception of the scientific text by humanitarians. Besides, the paper lists and explores benefits and drawbacks of interpretation levels (scientific, emotional-sensitive, creative) and their relations due to the components of intellect, strategies of interpreted behavior, success of educational and professional activity and creativity.

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Authors:
Oksana KHURTENKO , Kseniia BEREZIAK , Roman KHAVULA , Oksana VDOVICHENKO , Nataliia ONISHCHENKO , Svitlana LIEBIEDIEVA
Abstract:
Professional coaching career is associated with a wide range of issues and problems which need to be solved and are directly or indirectly determined by creative activity. Therefore, an appropriate training process of students, in particular prospective coaches, is an essential scientific and practical problem. The article presents a thorough psychological analysis of the structure of decision-making in extreme situations and identifies different types of non-standard situations in a coaching job. Also, it clarifies such concepts as "situation", "non-standard situation" and "extreme situation" in the activity of the individual. It describes different types of non-standard situations which can be manifested in professional coaching and their impact on the human psyche. It analyzes extreme conditions in the activities of athletes and coaches and the role of various mental functions and personality traits in problem-solving. Importantly, the article emphasizes the role of the coach's reflection and self-regulation in solving non-standard tasks under non-standard conditions. It indicates that two theoretical views on the nature of the human psyche and thinking correspond to two approaches to studying this particular problem. According to the first one, that is an adaptive approach, creative thinking as a form of behaviour is the result of learning, and only some individuals have creative ability. To teach creativity, however, one needs to include the elements of creative behaviour (problem-solving) and heuristics in the educational material. Another approach assumes that thinking is a productive process emerging as a result of a certain problematic situation. Prerequisites for the creative process are cognitive abilities and research activities of the individual.

Computer Science

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Authors:
Damla KARAGOZLU , Janet AJAMU , Anne Bakupa MBOMBO
Abstract:

One of the popular technologies in the industry today is cloud computing and the use of cloud computing in small businesses is now fashionable, it has a remarkable impact on them by bringing a new way of working, accessing their data and storing it. The aim of the study is to examine the impacts and effects of migration to cloud computing on small businesses. The methodology used for this study is based on a review of past studies, which explains in broad terms each research question of this study. The results of this study shows that there are several benefits that cloud computing has to offer small businesses if cloud computing is adopted and that includes flexibility, cost reduction and automatic software/hardware upgrades etc. Cloud computing has a large storage capacity that helps small businesses store and access large amounts of data quickly and easily, and there are a number of cloud computing data recovery techniques that help to recover lost or damaged data in the cloud. In the same way that security is a major concern for all technologies, it is also a concern for data stored in the cloud; security techniques such as encryption, cryptography are mostly used to ensure that key areas of data security (data confidentiality, data integrity and data availability) are protected. The results of this study helps small businesses to understand the impact of cloud computing on their businesses and the various security measures that need to be taken while adapting cloud computing technology.

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Authors:
Saba NOOR , Waseem AKRAM , Touseef AHMED , Qurat-ul-Ain .
Abstract:
The Outbreak of Coronavirus (COVID-19) came to the world in early December 2019. The early cases of coronavirus were reported in Wuhan City, Hubei Province, China. Till May 18, 2020, 198 countries have been affected by this life-threatening disease. The most common and known traits of COVID-19 are tiredness, fever, and dry cough. In this paper, we have discussed the Predictive data mining approach for COVID-19 predictions. In Predictive data mining, a model is developed and trained using supervised learning and then it predicts the behavior of provided data.   Predictive data mining is a renowned technique known to many health organizations for the classification and prediction of diseases such as Heart disease and various types of cancers etc. There are several factors for comparing the model's accuracy, scalability, and interpretability. This predictive model is compared to the basics of its accuracy. In this proposed approach, we have used WEKA as it provides a vast collection of many machine learning algorithms. The main objective of this paper is to forecast the possible future incidence of corona cases in Pakistan. This study concludes that the number of corona cases will increase swiftly. If the government take proactive steps and strictly implement precautionary measures, then Pakistan may be able to overcome this pandemic.

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Authors:
Michael Sunday AGBA , A.M. Ogaboh AGBA , Daniel Chi Jr CHUKWURAH
Abstract:

Purpose: the paper is an attempt to examine the effect of COVID-19 on workplace adjustments/decentralization. In doing this, teleworking in the new normal was taken as a major focus. Our interest is to find out the nature of workplace adjustments/decentralization that the COVID-19 has brought in the workplace by focusing on teleworking/telecommuting in the new normal. Design/ methodology/ approach: the paper adopts a descriptive research design and content analysis. The data of the paper are in qualitative and quantitative form and were sourced from secondary sources like textbooks, journals articles, and government reports and online published materials. In gathering the data used in articulating the ideas of the paper, their reliability and validity were enhanced by ensuring that the sources were reputable outlets and the data gathered reflect the variables of interest as contained in the topic of the paper. Findings: Findings of the study revealed that the COVID-19 pandemic has brought about compelling adjustments in the workplace. Work processes and practices are increasingly decentralised and adjusted with greater number of workers working from home (WFH). The global workplace is also witnessing a decongesting trend with a few staff in most organizations directed to work from office while others are to work from home. Hours put in by employees of financial institutions have been reduced to 6 hours as against 9-10 hours per day. Furthermore, sectors like the health and caregiving are under pressure for greater recruitment of hands to meet up with the pressure on the sector. Originality/contributions: the study is original by the emphasis on workplace adjustments occasioned by the COVID-19 pandemic. One of such specific workplace adjustments is the emerging attention that teleworking and telecommuting has attracted in the public and private sector in the emerging new normal. The argument of the paper is that the COVID-19 pandemic is a global health crisis that has impacted negatively on organizational life and functions necessitating adjustments in the workplace for organisational, workers and societal benefits. As a way of managing the workplace crisis generated by the COVID-19, technological advancement by way of teleworking/ telecommuting offers the window for escape. The study has both theoretical and policy relevance in the new normal.

Varia

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Authors:
Waseem AKRAM , Saba NOOR , Awais MANZOOR
Abstract:

Agent-based computing and multi-agent systems are important tools in the domain of smart grid. Various properties of agents like self-organization, co-operation, autonomous behavior, and many others allow researchers to well represent the smart grid applications and models. From past few decades, various research attempts have been made in the smart grid domain by adopting the agent-based computing technology. The research publications are growing in number which makes it difficult to locate and identify the dynamics and trends in the research. Scientometric analysis is a useful tool to perform a comprehensive bibliographic review. It allows not only to understand the key areas of research but also provide visual representation of each entity involve in the research. In this study, we provide a detailed statistical as well as visual analysis of agent-based smart grid research by adopting complex network-based analytical approach. The study covers all scientific literature available online in Web of Science database. We are interested in identification of key papers, authors, and journals. Furthermore, we also investigate core countries, institutions, and categories.    

Medical Sciences

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Authors:
Madalina Maria DIAC , Iuliana HUNEA , Nona GIRLESCU , Anton KNIELING , Simona Irina DAMIAN , Diana BULGARU ILIESCU
Abstract:

The foramen magnum makes the transition between the cephalic extremity and the spine, which is an anatomical element of the skull. So, there are multiple situations when the skull is the only skeletal element available for anthropological analysis. In this respect, the foramen magnum can provide valuable information in terms of skeletal anthropological expertise. According to the literature, the foramen magnum provides, from a morphometric and morphological point of view, individual and population characteristics. The study aims to evaluate the morphometry of the foramen magnum for establish the sex of an unknown person, specific for Romanian adult population. The authors analyzed morphometrically the foramen magnum of 50 cranio-cerebral computer tomographic images. Measurements of the foramen magnum were taken anteroposterior diameter, transverse diameter, based on the two being calculated the anthropometric index and the area of the foramen magnum. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS 23. Discriminant function analysis was applied, and discriminant formulas were created for sex determination of Romanian adult population. The results of the analysis are impressive and have a good applicability in a forensic anthropological context. The data used in this paper provides reliable results with a large applicability in the future for estimating the sex from foramen magnum for Romanian adult population.

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Authors:
Inna TARAN , Nataliia VASYLIEVA , Antonina GUROVA , Yuliia KARPUKHINA , Arkadii KONKOV , Tetyana KOZIY , Anastasiia KOLOMYICHUK , Tetiana BIRIUKOVA
Abstract:

Today there is a need to develop a method of hydrokinesis therapy as a means of gradual formation of motor skills in children with spastic diplegia of cerebral palsy of the chronic-residual stage of the disease in a comprehensive program of physical rehabilitation. The purpose of the study is to develop a method of hydrokinesis therapy for children 3-5 years with cerebral palsy of spastic form. The main novelties of the developed technique of hydrokinesis therapy: development of application of complexes of exercises in hydrokinesis therapy, which differs in structure from the generally accepted methods for patients with cerebral palsy of spastic form in the chronic-residual stage of the disease; combination of means of physical rehabilitation with the technique of hydrokinesis therapy during the annual cycle. The study involved 24 children 3-5 years of age with a diagnosis of "cerebral palsy, spastic diplegia" of the chronic-residual stage of the disease of moderate severity. To achieve this goal, theoretical analysis and generalization of data from scientific and methodological literature were used; pedagogical experiment and observation; medical and biological methods (used anthropometry and Pinier index; goniometry, assessment of basic motor functions (ABMF) on the Likert scale, muscle tone on the Ashfort scale, muscle strength on the Lovett scale; assessment of manipulative activity and speed response of the hands on trapping- the test made it possible to determine the level of development of fine motor skills); sociological methods (surveys of parents on questionnaires of social and emotional state and level of children's play activities); methods of mathematical statistics were used to process the actual experimental material, assess the reliability of the data. There were significant (p <0.01) changes in the indicators of social and emotional state in children with main group (MG) by 15.5%, in comparative group (CG) - by 11.7%, and there was a slight improvement in play activity in children with MG by 9.6%, in CG - by 5.75%. The developed method of hydrokinesiotherapy is effective and helps to improve the functions of general and fine motor skills, socio-emotional state and the level of activity of play activities of children 3-5 years with cerebral palsy of spastic form.