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Neuroscience
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Authors:
Iryna
Sarancha
, Iryna
Demchenko
, Kateryna
Volkova
, Inesa
Khmeliar
, Volodymyr
Babiak
, Rostyslav
Sabadyshyn
, Olena
Babiak
, Maksym
Imeridze
, Iryna
Buzhyna
, Liudmyla
Gusak
, Tetiana
Martyniuk
, Tetiana
Marchak
Abstract:
The article considers the people with muscle-skeleton disorders (hereinafter "MSDs") who suffer from the effects cerebral palsy, myopathy and spinal diseases. The article aims to determine, theoretically justify and experimentally verify the pedagogical conditions for the socialization of people with MSDs in rehabilitation centres. All the respondents had MSDs, namely: 76 respondents — pediatric cerebral palsy; 19 respondents — myopathy; 10 respondents — spinal diseases. It must be noted that 11 respondents, apart from MSDs, had intellectual disabilities (F 71). The experiment involved 59 males and 46 females. The age requirement was the following: 56 respondents aged between 14 and 17; 49 respondents aged between 18 and 19. The socialization programme, verified during the formative experiment, involved working with people with MSDs based on all socialization components; methodological work with the teaching staff of rehabilitation centres; parents. The programme included such specialized courses as Human Rights, Gardenotherapy; dance therapy; photography classes; a support group for parents of children with MSDs. Before the beginning of the experiment, only 11.55% of persons with MSDs had a high level of socialization. After the formative experiment, the number increased to 30.45%. Besides, 44.1% of people have a sufficient level of social skills. The implementation of the designed programme as a condition for the socialization of people with MSDs has made it possible to significantly increase the level of social skills in people with MSDs in the experimental group.
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Authors:
Alona
Kolomiiets
, Olha
Kraievska
, Yaroslav
Krupskyi
, Oksana
Tiytiynnyk
, Iryna
Klieopa
, Ihor
Kalashnikov
Abstract:
The article is devoted to the disclosure of the problem of formation of competencies of future specialists in technical specialties, in particular students of radio engineering specialties. The main concept for the formation of skills and abilities of students is the theory of neuroplasticity of the human brain, which is the basis of all neuropedagogy. The essence of the phenomenon of neuroplasticity of the brain is analyzed in the work, the analysis of works of scientists who investigated the problem of formation of competences of future specialists of technical specialties, in particular formation of mathematical competences is carried out.
The concepts of competence and professionally-oriented mathematical competence are specified. The authors singled out in a separate block professionally-oriented mathematical competence as fundamental, which is an integrative formation of mathematical and professional skills. It includes the following components: cognitive, operational-algorithmic, applicable, design components. The cognitive component of professionally-oriented mathematical competence is responsible for the ability to find and accumulate mathematical knowledge. In order to improve the quality of training of future specialists in technical specialties, a methodical system of fundamentalization of mathematical training of future bachelors in the field of electronics and telecommunications has been formed.
Elements of test tasks are offered, by means of which the formation of the cognitive component of professionally-oriented mathematical competence was checked.
The article makes a detailed description of the statistical verification of the obtained experimental data and the results of the empirical verification of the effectiveness of the method. Mathematical processing of data and their reliability and significance were checked using Fisher's test. The results of the experiment gave grounds to assert that the effectiveness of the proposed methodological system does not depend on the individual personality of the lecturer who introduced the method into the educational process.
Computer Science
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Authors:
Irina
Shpolianskaya
, Tatyana
Seredkina
Abstract:
The current conditions of the COVID-19 pandemic have required universities to transfer educational processes in the online environment. eLearning systems provide educational institutions and students with the opportunity to effectively organize the educational process and share knowledge. They provide each student with freedom of access to information and flexibility of the learning process. The student can individually determine the duration and sequence of courses by changing the trajectory of the educational process following their needs. In the context of the pandemic, students and teachers have to optimize their work over the Internet. This requires more extended personalization of the learning process. Intelligent technologies allow you to construct personalized learning paths for each student, varying methods, forms, and speed of learning. This study presents the architecture of the e-learning support system for the selection of online resources and for including them in the student's learning path. The system developed as a set of personal agents and services that interact based on a set of interconnected ontological models. Ontologies provide a more adequate representation of online resources and compatibility of the user request format with descriptions of training resources from different developers. The system recommends training modules based on current requests and user characteristics that match their profile. The system dynamically updates the knowledge base user characteristics, thereby increasing the effectiveness of recommendations.
Psychology
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Authors:
Ihor
Prykhodko
, Natalia
Yurieva
, Olexander
Timchenko
, Karyna
Fomenko
, Oleksandr
Kernickyi
, Mykola
Tovma
, Ilona
Kostikova
Abstract:
Despite the fact that large-scale active hostilities have been ongoing in Ukraine since 2014, in recent years there has been a tendency to increase the number of women who want to connect their lives with the military profession.
Objectives: to identify the characteristics of the professional motivation of female military personnel (N = 477) of the National Guard of Ukraine with different professional status.
Methodology: the survey method using three questionnaires: "Questionnaire for determining the effectiveness of the service and combat missions by female military personnel", "Questionnaire for studying the motivation for the professional choice of a law enforcement profession", "Questionnaire for the study of the socio-psychological characteristics of women in military service".
Results. The survey revealed the types of motivation that ensure the adaptation and self-realization of women in the military sphere: among female contract service members the pragmatic type prevails, and by female cadets — institutional type. For female cadets who had just begun to study the military profession, the main motives for choosing were self-realization in professional activity, achieving success in a military career and usefulness to society. Female contract service members with experience of military service consider professional self-realization and material support as the main motives when choosing a profession. Currently, these motives contribute to the high-quality performance of official duties by Ukrainian women military personnel and ensure the high efficiency of their service in ordinary and extreme conditions.
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Authors:
Tetiana
Ternavska
, Olena
Shaumian
, Tetiana
Mishenina
, Ilona
Voloshchuk
, Yana
Raievska
, Antonina
Hrys
Abstract:
The psycho-pedagogical and social rehabilitation of individuals before dismissal from the places of imprisonment is currently relevant, as it is a qualitative return to normal life that becomes an acute problem for people who are preparing to leave the places of imprisonment. The purpose of the article is to analyze the pilot psychological and pedagogical research of persons who are in places of imprisonment. For introduction of the developed social-pedagogical directions of resocialization of persons who are in the places of detention or getting ready to leave these places, the diagnostics of psychological characteristics which will become key signs of efficiency of the applied directions became relevant, namely: orientation to changing of the social environment; social-pedagogical therapy; professional orientation during teaching and educational process. Diagnostics of structure of intelligence, educational motivation, nonverbal creativity and level of self-assessment of persons who are in places of detention is performed. The analysis of results of motives of educational activity allows saying that educational activity of respondents is defined by motivation on achievement, cognitive motivation, and by motive of external stimulation. The highest indicator of the index of uniqueness that characterizes nonverbal creativity is met at most of respondents. The self-assured personality is guided by development of the his/her potential, he/she subordinates the existence to achievement of a condition of integrity, integration, spontaneity, humour, openness of experience. Creative, motivated, intelligently flexible and self-assured personality can achieve the objectives, far from creativity, for the sake of prospects in his/her life. He/she can be attracted to the activity necessary from some reasons, important for him/her, as, for example, participation of creative people in technical activity, in organizational work, for explanation of his/her purposes for other people.
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Authors:
Ihor
Prykhodko
, Yanina
Matsehora
, Olexander
Kolesnichenko
, Anastasiia
Bolshakova
, Olena
Bilyk
, Andriy
V. Haydabrus
Abstract:
The problem of non-combat losses due to suicides of military personnel is relevant for most of the armed forces of states participating in local armed conflicts. The posthumous pathopsychological study of materials from the investigation of suicides by Ukrainian military personnel made it possible to identify the main factors of committing suicides during the period of participation in hostilities in eastern Ukraine in 2014-2019: problems of adaptation to combat conditions; insufficient level of professional and psychological training to perform missions in combat conditions; acute stressful reactions to participation in hostilities; physical and mental exhaustion, demotivation; dysfunctional families; loneliness or breakup with a beloved woman; offenses and disciplinary actions; alcohol abuse. The main types of personality who committed suicide in different periods of hostilities were: in 2014-2016 "Demonstratively-Dependent", having two subtypes "Demonstratively-Maladaptive" and "Demonstratively-Masked"; in 2017-2019 "Asthenic-Depressive", which has two subtypes "Constitutionally-Weak" and "Exhausted-Demotivated". The manifestation of PTSD symptoms, physical and mental exhaustion, demotivation, indifference of society to the problems of veterans can significantly increase the risk of suicide in the post-war period. The division into periods of suicidal activity of servicemen suggests that the identified types (subtypes) of personality become suicidal only in extreme conditions with impaired adaptation and self—realization. The identified reasons for committing suicides and the typification of military personnel-suicides associated with different periods of participation in hostilities are not exhaustive.
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Authors:
Oksana
Fushtei
, Oksana
Shkvyr
, Nataliia
Chorna
, Iryna
Haidamashko
, Oksana
Prysliak
, Iryna
Sydoruk
Abstract:
The enhancement of social workers' information activity directly influences the development of their world outlook and information competency, which defines both the level of knowledge, abilities, skills, thought patterns, and the student's motivational sphere. The paper aims to analyse the importance of using Internet resources in developing professional competency, enhancing information activity in future social workers. The experimental work has made it possible to determine specific forms, means and methods of teaching that allow one to enhance information activity of social workers. The experimental training involved students in Years 1-4. The process of studying the courses of practical training in social work enabled the assessment of professional competency at the level of determining the quality of students' acquired knowledge and at the level of their professionally relevant qualities and skills defined in the educational qualification characteristics and qualification characteristics of specialists. A comparative assessment of applying innovative and profession-oriented teaching methods based on the means of information and communication technologies (ICT), traditional forms and methods has amounted to 0.08 points (3.6%) in the experimental group (EG) versus 0.16 points (7.2%) in the control group (CG). Conclusions. Professional training of future social workers can be more effective if students familiarize themselves with solving real practical problems and learn new methods and means of working for this particular purpose. It has improved the learning process and provided students with the opportunity to learn information technologies with the prospect of using them in future professional activities and develop information activity.
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Authors:
Nataliia
Bazyma
, Larysa
Zdanevych
, Kateryna
Kruty
, Tetiana
Tsehelnyk
, Oksana
Popovych
, Viktoriya
Ivanova
, Nataliia
Cherepania
Abstract:
The main condition for personal and mental development of a child is preservation of speech function or, in case of speech pathology, correction and development of all its structural components as a full-fledged means of communication. The purpose of the study is to scientifically substantiate, develop and experimentally test psychological and pedagogical conditions and methods of formation of speech activity in children with autistic disorders of older preschool age. There were highlighted effective methods for speech activity formation: creation and maintenance of a speech environment; constant speech support of a child; teaching a child to express thoughts in any way possible; use of stimulants and incentives in order to increase motivation for speech activity; use of available child's vocalizations; use of echolalia and a tendency to stereotypical repetition of actions; stimulation of speech activity against the background of emotional recovery; development of speech activity by imitation; activation of passive vocabulary and its gradual translation into active; fostering initiative and desire for self-realization. The indicators of the formation level of speech activity components in EG compared with CG, respectively, are: motivation: high not found, sufficient: + 8.6%, average: + 19%, low: + 14.3%, zero - 41.9%; initiative: high not found, sufficient: + 10.7%, medium: + 13.8%, low: + 9.5%, zero - 34%; content: high: + 4.3%, sufficient: + 17.6%, medium: + 12.9%, low: - 27.3%, zero - 7.5%. The best indicators were achieved by children of the experimental group, which gives reason to assert the effectiveness and feasibility of using the proposed methodology for formation of speech activity in the process of correctional developmental education of children with autistic disorders.
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Authors:
Lyudmila
Matokhniuk
, Oksana
Shportun
, Victoriya
Shevchuk
, Olha
Khamaziuk
, Kostyantyn
Savenko
, Myhailo
Nikulin
, Ruslan
Hrynko
, Valentyna
Miroshnichenko
Abstract:
The article reveals the theoretical substantiation and empirical research of the servicewomen's personal traits on the basis of theoretical analysis of scientific, methodological literature. A woman in order to perform military duties must have more or less muscular traits, such as stoutness, perseverance, determination, ability to manage, willingness to take risks, dominance, courage, propensity for leadership, organizational skills, self-sufficiency, independence, strength, and so on. The personal traits of women such as increased emotionality, softness, tactfulness, sensitivity, ability to empathize, tendency to intuitive comprehension of reality, clear maternal orientation have been substantiated. Psychological analysis of servicewomen professional activities indicates that most military service is influenced by such needs as success and power, a sense of social significance of service, participation in solving national problems, proving the value of one's own personality, self-affirmation through one's own career. Assessment of the personal qualities of women oriented to military service made it possible to determine that in the characteristics of this category dominate power, dominance, confidence, self-control, etc. It has been proven that the gender identity of servicewomen is the result of an active process that takes place continuously during ontogenesis and is accompanied by a person's sense of continuity, identity and certainty due to belonging to a certain individual unity. The analysis of the formal-dynamic properties of individuality revealed that, on average, female servicemen show themselves as active, purposeful, determined, with average overall mobility (in all spheres) and low sensitivity adapted to living conditions and military service.
Medical Sciences
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Authors:
Ramazan
Erdoğan
Abstract:
Objective: Exercises can create differences in the organism by affecting the hormonal system and hemostasis. Evaluation of hormonal changes along with physical activity, many factors such as physical and physiological state of athletes, environmental factors and nutritional status are effective and affect the performance. In this study, as a result of endurance workouts, chronic changes in athletes' thyroid hormone metabolism and biochemical markers were evaluated. Method: 16 male athletes formed the research group. The athletes participating in the study received endurance training for 60 minutes a day, three days a week for 12 weeks. Blood samples were taken from the athletes before the session and after the session. The levels of Thyroid hormones, iron, iron binding capacity, UIBC, erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet were determined in blood samples. Data were considered by using SPSS statistical package software. Findings: A significant difference was observed in athletes' thyroid hormone values as a result of the training sessions: Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), Thyroxine (T4) and Triiodothyronine (T3) levels were detected to be statistically different in pre-post test (p <0,05). As a result of the applied workouts changes were observed in the erythrocyte, leukocyte and platelet values of the athletes, and a significant difference was seen in general (p <0,05). Results: Applied regular and long-term endurance training created differences in athletes' thyroid hormone metabolism and biochemical markers. It is thought that these findings will positively affect the fight against the stress experienced by athletes during their competitions and increase their performance.
Varia
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Authors:
Liudmyla
Chepurna
, Svitlana
Fedorenko
, Yevheniya
Kuzminska
, Larysa
Sushchenko
, Olena
Zharovska
, Tetiana
Chyzhyk
, Vitaliia
Prymakova
, Larysa
Kozibroda
Abstract:
The implementation of reforms in education for children with cognitive development disorders requires that the historical aspect of the educational process should be reconsidered and scientifically justified, as well as the accomplishments of Ukrainian defectology should be creatively used. The relevance of the research lies in the need to overcome the fragmentarity of historical and pedagogical knowledge about the creation and development of textbooks for children with cognitive development disorders in Ukraine to justify and determine its characteristics and roles in modern correctional pedagogy. The research aims to identify the prerequisites for the emergence and the features of such processes as the creation and development of textbooks for children with cognitive development disorders in Ukraine in the period under study, as well as to highlight the scientific and practical value of the available accomplishments in the field to further improve such books for these children under modern conditions. Research methods include theoretical analysis; synthesis; comparison; systematization and classification of data from archival sources; historical-and-genetic, comparative, chronological, biographical methods; periodization; retrospective analysis. The research identifies and justifies the stages in the development of textbooks for children with cognitive development disorders in Ukraine, whose sequence is related to the development and reforms in the special education system, the elaboration of concepts, theoretical and methodological principles of education of children with cognitive development disorders, as well as the changes in organizational-and-pedagogical and scientific-and-pedagogical aspects. The research concludes that Ukrainian researchers and practicians regularly work on the improvement of textbooks' content.
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