Issue 1, Volume 10 of BRAIN (2019)

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.70594/brain/v10.i1

Issue 1, Volume 10 of BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience (2019)

Table of Contents

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Articles

Authors:
Agata Asofroniei
Abstract:
First Pages of BRAIN, Volume 10, Issue 1

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Authors:
Humera Tariq , Tahseen Jilani , Usman Amjad , S.M. Aqil Burney
Abstract:
The objective of the paper is to propose a novel idea to improve initial conditions of seeded region growing (SRG) algorithm. We also propose a conceptual region growing framework to contribute to its progress in medical imaging. Our scheme is based on the simple observation that nature seems random but it repeats itself. Medical images are a kind of natural images and hence they must have a tendency of behaving like fractals. Our non-parametric Polygonal Seed Selection method does not need density estimation as before and shows clear Improvement to handle over segmentation problem. Qualitative results have been demonstrated on Axial Slices of Brain using traditional SRG, K-Means and Watershed segmentation.

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Authors:
M. Hanefi Calp
Abstract:
Artificial Intelligence has an important place in the scientific community as a result of its successful outputs in terms of different fields. In time, the field of Artificial Intelligence has been divided into many sub-fields because of increasing number of different solution approaches, methods, and techniques. Machine Learning has the most remarkable role with its functions to learn from samples from the environment. On the other hand, intelligent optimization done by inspiring from nature and swarms had its own unique scientific literature, with effective solutions provided for optimization problems from different fields. Because intelligent optimization can be applied in different fields effectively, this study aims to provide a general discussion on multidisciplinary effects of Artificial Intelligence by considering its optimization oriented solutions. The study briefly focuses on background of the intelligent optimization briefly and then gives application examples of intelligent optimization from a multidisciplinary perspective.

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Authors:
Feda AlShahwan , Maha H. Faisal
Abstract:
A radical evolution of the current Internet into a Network of interconnected objects that not only senses information from the environment and interacts with the physical world, but also uses existing Internet standards to provide services for information transfer, analytics, applications and communications results in an enormous amount of vital applications. The pervasive nature of the information sources means that a great amount of data pertaining to possibly every aspect of human activity, both public and private, will be produced, transmitted, collected, stored and processed. Consequently, integrity and confidentiality of transmitted data, as well as the authentication of (and trust in) the services that offer the data, is crucial. Hence, security is a critical functionality for the Internet of Things (IoT). The enormous growth of mobile devices capability, critical automation industry fields and the widespread of wireless communication cast need for the seamless provision of mobile web services IoT environment. These are enriched by mobile cloud computing. However, it puts a challenge to its reliability, data authentication, power consumption and security issues. There is also need for auto- self-operated sensors for geo-sensing, agriculture, automatic cars, factories, roads, medicals application and more. IoT is still highly not reliable in points of integration between how its devices are connected; this means that there is poor utilization of the existing IP security protocols. Our solution is based on the use of existing security protocols between clients and the mobile hosts as well as a key management protocol between the individual mobile hosts implementing an out-of-band key exchange that is simple in practice, flexible and secure. We study the performance of this approach by evaluating a prototype implementation of our security framework. This paper at a preliminary manner, discusses the threats, hacks, misguided packets, over read sensor message. These packets are then translated by hardware and pushed through the web for a later on action or support. Our testing to a set of sensor triggered scenario and set up clearly indicates the security threats from a wireless connected small LAN environments and the overestimated sensor messages resulting from the initial set of the sensor readings, while we emphasize more on the security level of the web services serving the IoT connected device.

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Authors:
Svetla Boytcheva
Abstract:
This paper proposes context based approach for frequent events mining (FEM) in Electronic Health Records (EHR). The majority of FEM methods do not take in consideration the context information of the analyzed dada. EHRs contain rich context information like demographic data, encounters, vital parameters, diagnoses, lab tests values, and prescribed therapy. Such information is crucial for proper interpretation of the complex temporal clinical events. Some applications in comorbidity identification, risk factors analysis and patients phenotyping are presented to illustrate the proposed method. Experiments were run on large collections of pseudoanonimized reimbursement requests submitted to the Bulgarian National Health Insurance Fund in 2010-2016 for more than 5 million citizens yearly. Effective explication of comorbidities and characterization of risk factors can fill knowledge gaps and assist informed clinical decision-making.

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Authors:
Sakine Tashakori , Salman Haghighat
Abstract:
The purpose of this research is to design an intelligent diagnostic system for detecting a sense of wonder in English speech signal using Fuzzy-Nervous Inference-Adaptive system (ANFIS). For English, the recognition of some surprise feelings such as anger, grief, joy and hatred has been made, but due to the difficulty of creating a speech database in a state of wonder and a shortage of resources in this case, even in other languages, so far, no sense of wonder has been detected in the English speech. In the absence of a suitable database in English for the identification of emotions, at first, a wonder-neutral database (without feeling) was created in Persian, containing 30 sentences with a sense of surprise and neutrality. Then, LPC coefficients and frequency characteristics of speech signals such as maximum, minimum, middle and mean (obtained by FFT) were extracted. Finally, the neuro-fuzzy adaptive network (ANFIS) was used to create a sense of wonder with an average accuracy of about 94.93%.

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Authors:
Diana Mariana Cocârță , Lăcrămioara Diana Robescu , Liviu Andrei Negrea
Abstract:
The present paper describes the main components and the most important issues concerning the e-Learning system called EnvYJobs. This tool was developed across the implementation of the Erasmus+ project entitled Environmental learning innovation for more knowledge and better jobs. One of the main objectives of the project is to enhance students' knowledge in environmental engineering and to make their skills and competencies more attractive for the labor market. The eLearning system supports both the students and tutors/teachers communicate with each other in order to allow students the access new and interesting knowledge on various environmental issues. In this way, it becomes possible the mutual learning in the field of environmental engineering between important and experimented actors in European higher education system by using the exchange of good practice and implementing innovative tools and instruments.

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Authors:
Radu Mihai Meza , Șerban Nicolae Meza
Abstract:
This paper outlines computational thinking, language independent methodology for identifying and analyzing the contexts, targets and contents of online hate speech manifested in Facebook comments on popular Fan Pages or open groups. The three-step process involves data collection via API tools, a preliminary co-occurrence analysis of user-defined semantic field codes and clustering and visual analysis using triadic formal concept analysis navigation tools.

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Authors:
Ahmet Arnavut , Hüseyin Bicen , Cahit Nuri
Abstract:
The work on Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), which has become poıpular, continues to grow since the date it has entered the literature, and academicians are rapidly adopting and using it. Even though most of the academics accepted and started using MOOC enviroments, for some it has still not been efficient enough. Academics who think that the enviroment still needs to be developed are working on changes to increase the effectiveness. This is a qualitative and quantitative study in which the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) is used. The aim of this study is to evaluate the views of students who watched the videos of the Khan Academy in the MOOC enviroment according to the dimensions of Perceived Usefulness (PU), Perceived Ease Of Use (PEOU), Learning Strategies and Cognitive Appraisal. The results obtained from the study are aimed to help the researchers who want to work with Massive Open Online Courses and develop the MOOC.

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Authors:
Irina Shpolianskaya , Anna Prokhorova
Abstract:
Web technologies and e-marketing provide universities new opportunities to organize more effective interactions with consumers of educational services. The educational portal of the university becomes a single point for the interaction of the university with all categories of interested persons. Modeling of the educational web portal structure based on the analysis of user behaviors, perceptions and preferences become especially relevant. The aim of the study is to analyze the processes of the effective functioning of educational portals of higher education institutions, to model their structure, and to study the possibilities of using them to improve the quality of educational services promotion. A set-theoretical approach and Web Mining technics were used for evaluation of the educational web portal abilities for effective promotion of educational services.

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Authors:
Manana Chumburidze , Irakli Basheleishvili , Anano Khetsuriani
Abstract:
This article is devoted to the development of the scientific methods of dynamic programming and greedy algorithms to expose the software of innovation methods of mathematical and computational approaches in advancing modern science and teaching. The tools applied in this development are based on the graph theory, generalized approximate dynamical programming method and greedy algorithms. The results are presented on both the fundamental and applied level.

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Authors:
Gabriela Grosseck , Laura Malița , Ramona Bran
Abstract:

Today's students, known as digital natives, are living a paradox. Although they grew up with technology, there are many studies which underline that students' digital skills are not what they might seem. Thus, even if they are more familiar than professors or parents with functions and options available on the most used social networks and applications like Facebook, Instagram, Snapchat, YouTube etc., they still need "support with some areas of digital practice, particularly in an academic context" (JISC, 2015).
But are these perceptions / expectations of students' digital skills based on reality? Moreover, what should we do as their professors?
Firstly, we should not forget that not all students have equal access to digital resources. Some of them need to be trained more concretely/effectively and most of them need to refine and update their digital skills and competencies in order to become more employable, ready to cope with the digital jobs of the future.
Secondly, they need to benefit from staff well equipped with digital skills, who can design and deliver courses with technology integrated, able to pass on the relevant digital skills to their students and colleagues.
Thirdly, they need a proper and adequate digital environment.
Given this approach, we formulated our research questions as follows:
"¢ What are the challenges in creating the right environments for digital learning?
"¢ What are institutions doing in order to equip professors with digital skills?
The aim of the present paper is to review existing evidence on what a digital university means. What is it? What actions should we take towards becoming a digital university? Thus, we conducted a small-scale study within the Romanian higher education space in order to investigate the aforesaid research questions and to emphasize what concrete steps, actions, responsibilities and measures should be taken to drive forward a digital university vision.

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Authors:
Fatma Köprülü , Behcet Öznacar
Abstract:

This study is aimed at analyzing the attitudes towards distance learning of students who attended ENG 101 and ENG 102 courses in a private university during the fall semester of 2016- 2017 in terms of gender, distance learning, experience in using computer and learning styles. Data collection tools included the Scale of ATDL (Attitude Towards Distance Learning). Findings indicated that ATDL scores were significantly unrelated with gender. However, there is a significant difference between the students who take 101 English courses and those who take 102 English courses. Previous participation to any distance learning course and experience in using computers significantly affect ATDL.

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Authors:
Nikolai Siniak , Daniela Koteska Lozanoska
Abstract:
In today's global digital world, smart sustainable development, value and wealth creation are among the most important goals of society. Industry performance entails the incorporation of the objectives of smart sustainable development, namely social and territorial cohesion, economic efficiency, innovation, digital and environmental performance, into a company's operational practices. Companies that compete globally are increasingly required to commit to and report on the overall smart sustainability performances of operational initiatives. The current indicator frameworks that are available to measure overall business sustainability do not effectively address all aspects of sustainability at an operational level, especially in developing countries such as Romania, Belarus or Macedonia. For the sake of achieving these goals and objectives, the corporation, investor and government need some instruments in order to measure the potential value of each investment opportunity. It is clear that these instruments are not capable of predicting the exact future, they just provide some piece of information and advice that help the investor and government in the decisions he makes. Among these criteria, the most common types are Return on Investment (ROI), economic and sustainable value added (EVA and SVA). These criteria follow the performance assessment with regard to the changes in the sustainable value and alongside maximizing the long-term shareholder and society returns. In this paper, one of the most important criteria; i.e. EVA, is investigated from several viewpoints. First, it is demonstrated the attempt to calculate EVA at the industry level using aggregate indicators according to the common business methodology. For this, we generally assume that economic value is created by investment in excess return compared to its cost. We adopted EVA indicator to Belarusian general economic conditions and specifics of available aggregate sector data by adjusting return on investment and cost of capital.

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Authors:
Tülen Saner , Zehra Altınay , Fahriye Altınay , Nesrin M. Bahçelerli
Abstract:
The aims of this study is to determine the importance of technology in tourism education in terms of creating employment opportunities for people with disabilities. The study is a conceptual review of the literature on the use of technology in the tourism education, specifically related to technology as a tool for increasing employment prospects for people with disabilities. As a result of this research, an alternative education model is proposed for the tourism industry directed at learners with disabilities.

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Authors:
Babak Moeini , Mohamad Mahdi Hazavehei , Abbas Moghimbeigi , Shahram Homayonfar , Alireza Moslem , Seyed Jamal Mirmoosavi , Maryam Delawari Heravi
Abstract:

Due to its high prevalence and association with cardiovascular diseases, high blood pressure is a health problem in industrialized and developing countries. In industrialized countries, 25% of adults and 60% of people over 60 have high blood pressure. Researches indicated that most risk factors for high blood pressure were related to individuals' behavior and awareness, and educational programs, as one of the essential tools for changing lifestyle of the patients, have a significant impact on reducing risk-related behaviors and increasing healthy behaviors. Job stress is an important factor in occurrence of hypertension and heart disease. This study is an analytical research conducted in Sabzevar, Khorasan Razavi, in 2015-2016. Sabzevar has a population of 320,000 people. The target group of this study includes all the people in Sabzevar who aged between 20-65 (54%). For systolic blood pressure, difference between the number of classes of the two gender was significant (P = 0.006) with men's blood pressure was higher than that of women. In this study, subjects with systolic blood pressure of less than 13.99 were more likely to have normal body mass index. This finding is in line with the results of the research carried out by Winkelmayer. In their study. It was also reported that more than 75% of patients with high blood pressure had BMI> 25%.