Vol. 17 · Issue 3 · 2026
e-ISSN 2067-3957
INTERACTIVE RESEARCH COMPANION · ARTICLE 2096

NeuroCare Grid: A Stigmergic Multi-Agent Architecture Evaluated through the NeuroCare-H Heuristic for Dynamic Surgical Scheduling

Kristijan Cincar · Victoria Iordan · Florentina-Anica Pintea

Interactive OR Control Lab
LIVE SANDBOX

Run the operating-room day, not just the paper.

Change the emergency mix, workload, and resource disruptions. Then schedule patients yourself or let a policy make the next move. The interface exposes the trade-off between throughput, emergency access, utilisation, and waiting-time equity.

Educational replay This sandbox is calibrated to values reported in the article. It is not a re-execution of the authors’ source code and should not be interpreted as clinical decision support.
synthetic 15.2%MIMIC-derived 78.4%
ASSIGNMENT GUIDANCE

Choose how much help you want

In Guided mode, selecting a patient grades every feasible slot using an educational scoring layer inspired by the article. Free mode keeps the same sandbox but removes the visual hints.

DAY–ROOM LATTICE

Operating rooms

electiveurgentemergency
LIVE RECOMMENDATION

Select a patient to see guidance

Waiting for selection
The application will compare all currently feasible OR slots using an educational scoring layer inspired by the selected policy, current capacity, urgency, waiting time and disruptions. The optional specialised-room mode is exploratory and was not evaluated in the article.
Recommended Acceptable Higher trade-off Not feasible
NARRATOR / AUDIT LAYER

What happened after the assignment?

Select a patient. In Guided mode, the open slots will be ranked before you place the case.
COORDINATION FIELD LAB

See how the hospital “signals” where a patient should go.

Each cell represents one operating-room/day combination. The shared field shows illustrative normalised signals for demand, urgency, free capacity, conflict pressure, and aggregate waiting-time equity pressure.

Stigmergy, in one sentence Agents do not need to message each other directly: they alter a shared environment, and the next decision reads those signals.
CURRENT EVENT

No patient selected

Waiting
Generate or select a case in OR Control Lab, or use the controls below.
WHAT JUST HAPPENED?
1DepositQueue pressure is written into the shared field.
↓
2DiffusionPart of each signal spreads to neighbouring day–room cells.
↓
3DecayOlder signals gradually lose influence.
↓
4RecommendationClick a cell or deposit the queue to reveal the strongest candidate.
DAY × OR HEATMAP

Urgency pressure

LowHigh
OR 1OR 2OR 3OR 4OR 5
FIELD DYNAMICS

Change how signals spread

Higher decay removes old signals faster. Higher diffusion spreads local pressure more strongly to neighbouring cells. The app automatically limits ρ to the article’s sufficient stability bound, (1−λ)/4, for a four-neighbour lattice.

Show model equation
Φdr(n+1) = (1−λ)Φdr(n) + ρΣ(d′,r′)∈Ndr(Φd′r′(n)−Φdr(n)) + Zdr(n)
Current controls: λ = 0.30 · ρ = 0.15 · threshold τ = 0.01. Exact values are shown for transparency; the heatmap displays LOW / MEDIUM / HIGH.
PAIRED SCENARIO

Put two policies on the same patient stream.

Use the same emergency mix and workload for both policies. This mirrors the article’s paired-comparison logic and makes trade-offs visible rather than hiding them behind one score.

Same scenario, different ruleReported article values anchor the baseline. Intermediate slider positions are illustrative interpolations.
VS
EVIDENCE LENS

The result changes when the scenario changes.

The application keeps the article’s most important limitation in view: the synthetic 15.2% emergency mix and the MIMIC-III Demo-derived 78.4% mix do not tell the same story.

92.47%

NeuroCare-H scheduling rate

In the main synthetic scenario, NeuroCare-H scheduled 92.47% of cases, compared with 87.68% for FCFS.

0.01 d

Emergency waiting

Emergency wait was 0.01 days under NeuroCare-H in the synthetic evaluation, versus 0.40 days for FCFS.

0.63

Gini trade-off

Waiting-time inequality was higher with NeuroCare-H than FCFS (0.63 vs 0.36), so efficiency gains did not imply better aggregate equity.

p = 0.13

MIMIC-derived reversal

With the 78.4% emergency mix derived from MIMIC-III Demo, the NeuroCare-H versus FCFS scheduling-rate difference was no longer statistically significant.

ARTICLE AUTHORS

Kristijan Cincar · Victoria Iordan · Florentina-Anica Pintea

West University of Timișoara and Tibiscus University of Timișoara, Romania.

BRAIN, 2026 · Volume 17, Issue 3 · pp. 337–348